Sven Eric Maier at 2013-06-27 13:27:43:
I think it's safe to assume, this story wouldn't have worked with a linear narrative.
For me, (500) Days of Summer is a coming of age story about a shallow guy who becomes highly attracted to a pretty girl who is reflecting his own shallowness. From the first moment on, their relationship is a struggle and in the end, neither of them learns anything valuable.
That's the beauty of this story and the reason why it holds a lot of value to our modern society. Tom goes on a hero's journey, but returns without an elixir. Instead, we as the audience realize what he could have learned. In the same respect, Summer doesn't learn anything, she just moves on while Tom doesn't. We don't know if she's really happy, because we can't look inside her head.
The story lives from the setup and payoffs that are beautifully woven together and the simplicity of the ending is just fascinating. We expect this new episode to follow the same stages of his previous journey - unless Tom is able to break out of the cycle and become a man, realizing what true love is about and acting upon it. He still has all the chances in the world and that's the hopeful spirit we leave the movie with.